The State Institution “Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine” has been conducting a continuous agrochemical survey of Ukrainian soils for over 55 years to carry out state control over changes in fertility and soil contamination with toxic substances and radionuclides, rational use of agricultural land.
Agrochemical certification of agricultural lands ensures the following tasks:
– to establish systematic and sample agrochemical surveys with soil sampling on agricultural lands;
– analysis of soil samples to determine their fertility, heavy metals, radionuclides and pesticide residues;
– production and issuance of agrochemical passport of the field, land to landowners and land users;
– determination of agrochemical and ecological-agrochemical scores of land plots on the basis of data of agrochemical passport of the field, land plot;
– production of agrochemical cartograms;
– drafting and developing recommendations for the effective use of agrochemicals and soil protection measures;
– creation and maintenance of information data banks on the quality of soils on agricultural lands and information and analytical system for the development of measures in the field of soil fertility protection;
– conducting a comprehensive analysis and assessment of changes in the quality of soils on agricultural land;
– identification of negative phenomena and crisis areas, substantiation, planning of measures to eliminate them and increase soil fertility;
– determination of special raw material zones for the production of agricultural products for the manufacture of baby food and dietary food;
– preparation and publication of the Periodic Report on the state of soils on agricultural lands;
– formation of land cadastre;
– conducting qualitative and monetary valuation of land;
– determining the amount of payment for land;
– elimination (minimization) of the consequences of the Chornobyl catastrophe, man-made accidents, natural disasters, etc .;
– design and implementation of crop rotations (intensive, soil protection, short-rotation, etc.), dynamic fields, etc .;
– placement of crops and their varieties in crop rotation fields in accordance with the biological requirements of plants, taking into account the level of agro background, as well as the reaction of the soil environment, etc .;
– application of balanced, cost-effective doses of organic and mineral fertilizers and development of complex projects to restore soil fertility;
– determining the need for chemical land reclamation and development of design and estimate documentation for its implementation;
– comparison of qualitative assessment of soils in the fields of agricultural enterprises and determination of areas of unproductive lands;
– introduction of differentiated payment for the lease of land shares;
– determination of the level of soil contamination by pollutants and development of
technological projects for its rehabilitation (remediation);
– preservation of humus-bearing fertile soil layer from land allotments for construction, etc .;
– quality control of soil reclamation (after temporary use for quarries, oil production, etc.).
The given list of directions of use of data of agrochemical certification of agricultural lands can be considerably expanded and detailed, however and this information convincingly testifies that the specified measure is necessary for successful conducting of agriculture. The results of these studies are widely used both at the level of the state and regional government agencies, and at the level of land users.
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Materials of the Periodic Report
according to the results of the X round (2011-2015) (2011-2015 рр.)
of agrochemical survey of lands